[{"id":"total-mapped-alpr-cameras-us","value":131735,"unit":"cameras","subject":"Number of ALPR camera nodes mapped in the contiguous US data pull (OpenStreetMap surveillance:type=ALPR tag)","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/alpr-us.json"],"how":"len(elements) in the Overpass API JSON export (query in data/alpr-us.overpassql)"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md)."]},{"id":"flock-safety-manufacturer-share","value":78.91,"unit":"percent","subject":"Share of all mapped US ALPR camera nodes whose manufacturer tag is 'Flock Safety'","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/alpr-us.json"],"how":"count(tags.manufacturer == 'Flock Safety') / len(elements) * 100, over all nodes (not just manufacturer-tagged ones)"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","README (2026-08-17 extract) states '82.3% Flock Safety by manufacturer' -- recomputed directly from data/alpr-us.json this is 78.91% of all 131735 nodes, or 85.67% of the 121333 nodes that carry a manufacturer tag. Neither denominator reproduces the README's 82.3%; treat the README figure as unverified and this recomputed value as authoritative."]},{"id":"camera-operator-tag-coverage","value":17.26,"unit":"percent","subject":"Share of mapped US ALPR camera nodes that carry a named 'operator' tag","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/alpr-us.json"],"how":"count(nodes with non-empty tags.operator) / len(elements) * 100"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md)."]},{"id":"lowes-tagged-camera-count","value":1590,"unit":"cameras","subject":"Number of mapped ALPR camera nodes with operator tag \"Lowe's\"","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/alpr-us.json"],"how":"count(tags.operator == \"Lowe's\") over all nodes"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","Only 17.3% of nodes carry any operator tag, so true totals per operator are likely higher than the tagged count."]},{"id":"home-depot-tagged-camera-count","value":1030,"unit":"cameras","subject":"Number of mapped ALPR camera nodes with operator tag \"The Home Depot\"","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/alpr-us.json"],"how":"count(tags.operator == 'The Home Depot') over all nodes"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","Only 17.3% of nodes carry any operator tag, so true totals per operator are likely higher than the tagged count.","README ranks Lowe's/Home Depot as the '#2 and #4 largest named camera operators'. Recomputed ranking by tagged operator count is: 1) Flock Safety (2177, vendor self-tagged, likely demo/test units), 2) Lowe's (1590), 3) Home Depot (1030), 4) San Diego Police Department (591) -- i.e. Home Depot recomputes as #3, not #4. No entity between Home Depot and San Diego PD was found in the tagged data."]},{"id":"san-diego-pd-tagged-camera-count","value":591,"unit":"cameras","subject":"Number of mapped ALPR camera nodes operator-tagged to the San Diego Police Department -- the largest single law-enforcement operator by tag count","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/alpr-us.json"],"how":"count(tags.operator == 'San Diego Police Department') over all nodes, then confirmed it is the max among law-enforcement-named operators"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","Only 17.3% of nodes carry any operator tag."]},{"id":"zero-mapped-camera-counties-count","value":846,"unit":"counties","subject":"Number of US counties with zero mapped ALPR camera nodes","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/zero-camera-counties.json"],"how":"len(zero_fips) -- counties in county-counts-v2.json's population universe with a camera count of 0"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","A county with zero mapped cameras is evidence of an unmapped county, not evidence of camera absence, unless corroborated by an independent source (see README 'Methodology note on absence claims')."]},{"id":"zero-mapped-camera-counties-share","value":26.91,"unit":"percent","subject":"Share of all US counties (with a population figure) that have zero mapped ALPR camera nodes","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/zero-camera-counties.json"],"how":"len(zero_fips) / len(pop) * 100"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","A county with zero mapped cameras is evidence of an unmapped county, not evidence of camera absence, unless corroborated by an independent source (see README 'Methodology note on absence claims').","README states '846 of 3,235 counties (28.2%)'. data/zero-camera-counties.json's population dictionary covers 3144 counties (the standard ~3,144 US county/county-equivalent set), not 3,235. Recomputed share is 846/3144 = 26.91%, which matches neither the README's 28.2% nor the 3,235 denominator; treat 3,235 and 28.2% in the README as unverified."]},{"id":"population-share-in-zero-camera-counties","value":3.54,"unit":"percent","subject":"Share of the total tracked US county population living in a county with zero mapped ALPR cameras","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"US Census Bureau","title":"County Population Totals, Vintage 2024","url":"https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/zero-camera-counties.json"],"how":"sum(pop[f] for f in zero_fips) / sum(pop.values()) * 100"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","A county with zero mapped cameras is evidence of an unmapped county, not evidence of camera absence, unless corroborated by an independent source (see README 'Methodology note on absence claims')."]},{"id":"population-share-in-mapped-camera-counties","value":96.46,"unit":"percent","subject":"Share of the total tracked US county population living in a county with at least one mapped ALPR camera","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"US Census Bureau","title":"County Population Totals, Vintage 2024","url":"https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/zero-camera-counties.json"],"how":"100 - population-share-in-zero-camera-counties"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","A county with zero mapped cameras is evidence of an unmapped county, not evidence of camera absence, unless corroborated by an independent source (see README 'Methodology note on absence claims')."]},{"id":"eff-atlas-osm-agreement-rate","value":97.99,"unit":"percent","subject":"Share of OSM zero-camera counties that EFF's Atlas of Surveillance (an independent, FOIA/records-based source) also shows no ALPR-using agency for","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"Electronic Frontier Foundation","title":"Atlas of Surveillance","url":"https://atlasofsurveillance.org/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/county-classification.json","data/zero-camera-counties.json"],"how":"len(real_absence) / len(zero_fips) * 100"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","A county with zero mapped cameras is evidence of an unmapped county, not evidence of camera absence, unless corroborated by an independent source (see README 'Methodology note on absence claims').","EFF's Atlas of Surveillance only tracks law-enforcement agencies; it does not rule out unshared private ALPR deployments (retail, HOA) in a given county."]},{"id":"true-mapping-gap-counties-count","value":17,"unit":"counties","subject":"Number of zero-mapped-camera counties where EFF's Atlas of Surveillance confirms an ALPR-using agency exists -- i.e. a true mapping gap rather than corroborated absence","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"Electronic Frontier Foundation","title":"Atlas of Surveillance","url":"https://atlasofsurveillance.org/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/county-classification.json"],"how":"len(gap)"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","EFF's Atlas of Surveillance only tracks law-enforcement agencies; it does not rule out unshared private ALPR deployments (retail, HOA) in a given county."]},{"id":"corroborated-no-alpr-population-count","value":11675228,"unit":"people","subject":"Population living in counties with zero mapped ALPR cameras AND no EFF-confirmed ALPR-using agency (the corroborated 'no-fly-zone' population)","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"US Census Bureau","title":"County Population Totals, Vintage 2024","url":"https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/county-classification.json","data/zero-camera-counties.json"],"how":"sum(pop[f] for f in real_absence)"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","A county with zero mapped cameras is evidence of an unmapped county, not evidence of camera absence, unless corroborated by an independent source (see README 'Methodology note on absence claims').","EFF's Atlas of Surveillance only tracks law-enforcement agencies; it does not rule out unshared private ALPR deployments (retail, HOA) in a given county."]},{"id":"corroborated-no-alpr-population-share","value":3.43,"unit":"percent","subject":"Share of the total tracked US county population living in the corroborated no-ALPR population above","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"US Census Bureau","title":"County Population Totals, Vintage 2024","url":"https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/county-classification.json","data/zero-camera-counties.json"],"how":"corroborated-no-alpr-population-count / sum(pop.values()) * 100"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","A county with zero mapped cameras is evidence of an unmapped county, not evidence of camera absence, unless corroborated by an independent source (see README 'Methodology note on absence claims').","EFF's Atlas of Surveillance only tracks law-enforcement agencies; it does not rule out unshared private ALPR deployments (retail, HOA) in a given county."]},{"id":"strong-law-state-camera-density","value":4.64,"unit":"cameras_per_100k","subject":"Average mapped-ALPR-camera density per 100k residents across the 4 US states rated 'strong' ALPR-restriction law","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"unflocked.org (cross-checked against NCSL 50-state ALPR legislative survey, Sept 2025)","title":"State-by-state ALPR law strength rating","url":"https://unflocked.org/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/state-density-law.json"],"how":"mean(cameras_per_100k) over rows where law_strength == 'strong'"},"status":"preliminary","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","State law-strength rating is single-source (unflocked.org), cross-checked only informally against NCSL; pending a fuller legal review before this rating is treated as authoritative."]},{"id":"partial-law-state-camera-density","value":31.71,"unit":"cameras_per_100k","subject":"Average mapped-ALPR-camera density per 100k residents across the 10 US states rated 'partial' ALPR-restriction law","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"unflocked.org (cross-checked against NCSL 50-state ALPR legislative survey, Sept 2025)","title":"State-by-state ALPR law strength rating","url":"https://unflocked.org/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/state-density-law.json"],"how":"mean(cameras_per_100k) over rows where law_strength == 'partial'"},"status":"preliminary","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","State law-strength rating is single-source (unflocked.org), cross-checked only informally against NCSL; pending a fuller legal review before this rating is treated as authoritative."]},{"id":"no-protection-law-state-camera-density","value":31.85,"unit":"cameras_per_100k","subject":"Average mapped-ALPR-camera density per 100k residents across the 35 US states rated 'none' (no ALPR-restriction law)","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"unflocked.org (cross-checked against NCSL 50-state ALPR legislative survey, Sept 2025)","title":"State-by-state ALPR law strength rating","url":"https://unflocked.org/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/state-density-law.json"],"how":"mean(cameras_per_100k) over rows where law_strength == 'none'"},"status":"preliminary","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","State law-strength rating is single-source (unflocked.org), cross-checked only informally against NCSL; pending a fuller legal review before this rating is treated as authoritative."]},{"id":"camera-density-violent-clearance-correlation","value":-0.545,"unit":"pearson_r","subject":"Correlation (Pearson r) between state-level mapped ALPR camera density per 100k and 2025 violent crime clearance rate, across 51 states","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"FBI Crime Data Explorer","title":"NIBRS summarized state clearance rates (api.usa.gov/crime/fbi/cde)","url":"https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/camera-clearance-join.json"],"how":"Pearson correlation of cameras_per_100k vs violent_clearance_2025 across all 51 rows"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","This figure is a state-level join (FBI CDE summarized API). Camera-dense states skew urban with structurally different caseloads/clearance baselines regardless of camera presence, and a given year's clearances are not necessarily for offenses reported that year. Correlation, not causation. See the county-level figures for the same question at county granularity."]},{"id":"zero-camera-county-violent-clearance","value":53.7,"unit":"percent","subject":"Aggregate 2025 violent-crime clearance rate across the 692 corroborated zero-camera counties with full-year FBI reporting","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"FBI Crime Data Explorer","title":"Return A master file (offenses known and clearances by arrest, agency-level) + Law Enforcement Employees agency crosswalk","url":"https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/county-camera-clearance-join.json"],"how":"sum(violent_cleared) / sum(violent_actual) over 12-month-reporting agencies in counties with zero mapped cameras and EFF-corroborated absence"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","EFF's Atlas of Surveillance only tracks law-enforcement agencies; it does not rule out unshared private ALPR deployments (retail, HOA) in a given county.","County aggregates cover only agencies with a resolved county FIPS that reported all 12 months of the year to the FBI (Return A master file); state/federal and multi-county agencies are excluded. Camera-dense counties skew urban with structurally different caseloads/clearance baselines regardless of camera presence, and a given year's clearances are not necessarily for offenses reported that year. Correlation, not causation."]},{"id":"top-density-quartile-county-violent-clearance","value":43.35,"unit":"percent","subject":"Aggregate 2025 violent-crime clearance rate across the 549 counties in the top quartile of mapped-ALPR camera density (avg 108.26 per 100k)","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"FBI Crime Data Explorer","title":"Return A master file (offenses known and clearances by arrest, agency-level) + Law Enforcement Employees agency crosswalk","url":"https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/county-camera-clearance-join.json"],"how":"sum(violent_cleared) / sum(violent_actual) over 12-month-reporting agencies in top-quartile-density counties"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","County aggregates cover only agencies with a resolved county FIPS that reported all 12 months of the year to the FBI (Return A master file); state/federal and multi-county agencies are excluded. Camera-dense counties skew urban with structurally different caseloads/clearance baselines regardless of camera presence, and a given year's clearances are not necessarily for offenses reported that year. Correlation, not causation."]},{"id":"county-camera-density-violent-clearance-correlation","value":-0.039,"unit":"pearson_r","subject":"Correlation (Pearson r) between county-level mapped ALPR camera density per 100k and 2025 violent crime clearance rate, across 1346 counties with at least 50 violent offenses","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"FBI Crime Data Explorer","title":"Return A master file (offenses known and clearances by arrest, agency-level) + Law Enforcement Employees agency crosswalk","url":"https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/county-camera-clearance-join.json"],"how":"Pearson correlation of cameras_per_100k vs 100*vc25/va25 over rows with va25 >= 50"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","County aggregates cover only agencies with a resolved county FIPS that reported all 12 months of the year to the FBI (Return A master file); state/federal and multi-county agencies are excluded. Camera-dense counties skew urban with structurally different caseloads/clearance baselines regardless of camera presence, and a given year's clearances are not necessarily for offenses reported that year. Correlation, not causation."]},{"id":"polk-county-fl-camera-density","value":46.7,"unit":"cameras_per_100k","subject":"Mapped ALPR camera density per 100k residents, Polk County, FL (FIPS 12105)","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/polk-brevard-detail.json","data/polk-brevard-nodes.json"],"how":"camera_count / population_2024_estimate * 100000, camera_count via point-in-polygon (shapely) of data/alpr-us.json nodes against the county's Census boundary polygon"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md)."]},{"id":"brevard-county-fl-camera-density","value":37.4,"unit":"cameras_per_100k","subject":"Mapped ALPR camera density per 100k residents, Brevard County, FL (FIPS 12009)","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/polk-brevard-detail.json","data/polk-brevard-nodes.json"],"how":"camera_count / population_2024_estimate * 100000, camera_count via point-in-polygon (shapely) of data/alpr-us.json nodes against the county's Census boundary polygon"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md)."]},{"id":"harris-county-tx-camera-count","value":3875,"unit":"cameras","subject":"Mapped ALPR camera count, Harris County, TX (Houston) -- highest raw count among the 3-highest-camera counties in every US state","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/top3-counties-by-state.json"],"how":"point-in-polygon assignment of data/alpr-us.json nodes to county boundaries, restricted to the 3 highest-camera-count counties per state"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md)."]},{"id":"yakima-county-wa-camera-density","value":162.8,"unit":"cameras_per_100k","subject":"Mapped ALPR camera density per 100k residents, Yakima County, WA -- highest per-capita density (min. 20 cameras) among the top-3-per-state pool","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/top3-counties-by-state.json"],"how":"camera_count / population_2024 * 100000, restricted to counties with >=20 mapped cameras to exclude single-deployment outliers on tiny populations"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md)."]},{"id":"fulton-county-ga-camera-density","value":124.9,"unit":"cameras_per_100k","subject":"Mapped ALPR camera density per 100k residents, Fulton County, GA (Atlanta) -- traced to Atlanta's public, budgeted 'Operation Shield' camera program (14 agencies confirmed by EFF's Atlas of Surveillance), not a data artifact","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/top3-counties-by-state.json"],"how":"camera_count / population_2024 * 100000; verified against EFF's Atlas of Surveillance (14 Fulton County agencies with ALPR) and public reporting on Operation Shield before being treated as a real finding rather than a duplicate-node artifact"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md).","EFF's Atlas of Surveillance only tracks law-enforcement agencies; it does not rule out unshared private ALPR deployments (retail, HOA) in a given county.","Cross-referenced against EFF's Atlas of Surveillance and public reporting (Atlanta Police Foundation's Operation Shield, ~$50M/5yr, 60,000+ connected cameras including HOA/CID-owned units APD is granted access to) before being published as a genuine finding rather than a suspected artifact."]},{"id":"connecticut-top3-planning-regions-camera-count","value":666,"unit":"cameras","subject":"Combined mapped ALPR camera count across Connecticut's 3 highest-camera planning regions (Capitol, South Central, Western) -- required rebuilding county-equivalent geometry from the Census's 2023 cartographic boundary file, since this project's static counties-fips.geojson predates CT's 2022 county-to-planning-region reorganization and has no matching polygons for the new FIPS codes","asof":"2026-08-17","source":{"publisher":"OpenStreetMap / DeFlock contributors","title":"US ALPR camera nodes (man_made=surveillance, surveillance:type=ALPR)","url":"https://deflock.me/","retrieved":"2026-08-17"},"method":{"type":"computed","from":["data/top3-counties-by-state.json"],"how":"point-in-polygon assignment of data/alpr-us.json nodes against cb_2023_us_county_500k (Census 2023 cartographic boundary file) for the 3 target planning-region FIPS codes; totals matched data/county-counts-v2.json exactly (306/240/120), confirming this is the same join logic an earlier pass used for aggregate county counts but had never applied at node level"},"status":"verified","license":"ODbL","caveats":["Underlying camera locations are volunteer-crowdsourced (DeFlock/OSM), not verified by any camera operator or government body -- likely incomplete, possibly outdated or inaccurate (see repo TERMS.md)."]}]